Lesson 2: Dream Poems

 

Introduction

 

William Wordsworth (1770-1850), the great Romantic poet, considered poets dreamers because they have the ability to turn “our wish, our power, our thought” into “a deed.” Poets give voice to what we desire and strive hard to achieve. They write about the dreams of lovers, men of action, patriots, social reformers, workers, and just about anyone given to imagining a better tomorrow for themselves and for others.

In the previous lessons, we’ve learned about different aspects of dreams. In this lesson, we will read two poems written by two poets from two sides of the Atlantic. While D.H. Lawrence (1885-1930) was an English novelist, poet, and essayist, Langston Hughes (1902-1967) was an American poet, novelist, and playwright. Hughes was also a leader of the Harlem Renaissance, which attempted to bring changes in the lives of Black people in the 1920s.

A. Research Task

 

Lesson 1 -Unforgettable History 

Find out more about Lawrence and Hughes from the Internet. Lawrence was more famous as a novelist, so write down the names of five of his novels. Then present your findings in a group to the class.

Sample Answer: 

D.H. Lawrence and Langston Hughes: An Overview

 

D.H. Lawrence:

David Herbert Lawrence, known as D.H. Lawrence, was a prominent English writer born on September 11, 1885, in Eastwood, Nottinghamshire, England, and died on March 2, 1930, in Vence, France. He was an influential novelist, poet, essayist, and literary critic. Lawrence’s works often dealt with themes of emotional health, vitality, spontaneity, and instinct. He was known for his controversial portrayals of sexuality and the human psyche.

Notable Novels by D.H. Lawrence:

1. Sons and Lovers (1913) – A semi-autobiographical novel that delves into the complex relationships within a working-class family and explores the Oedipal complex between the protagonist and his mother.
2. The Rainbow (1915) – This novel follows three generations of the Brangwen family, focusing on the struggles of women to find individual and sexual fulfillment.
3. Women in Love (1920) – A sequel to The Rainbow, it continues to explore the lives and loves of the Brangwen sisters.
4. Lady Chatterley’s Lover (1928) – Known for its explicit descriptions of physical love and its challenge to the British class system, this novel faced censorship and was banned in several countries.
5. The White Peacock (1911) – Lawrence’s first novel, which deals with themes of industrialization and its impact on rural life, love triangles, and the natural world.

Langston Hughes:

James Mercer Langston Hughes, known as Langston Hughes, was an American poet, social activist, novelist, playwright, and columnist. Born on February 1, 1902, in Joplin, Missouri, and passed away on May 22, 1967, in New York City, Hughes was one of the leading figures of the Harlem Renaissance. His work is characterized by its insightful portrayals of Black life in America from the twenties through the sixties, blending jazz and blues rhythms with his poetry.

Hughes’s poems, such as “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” and “Harlem (Dream Deferred),” along with his essays and novels like “Not Without Laughter” (1930), highlight his commitment to the African American experience and cultural identity.

Group Presentation:

For a class presentation, you can structure your findings as follows:

1. Introduction:
   • Briefly introduce both authors.
   • Highlight the different eras and cultural contexts they belonged to.
2. D.H. Lawrence:
   • Discuss his background and the themes prevalent in his works.
   • Highlight his significant novels and their themes.
   • Mention the controversies surrounding his works and their impact on literature.
3. Langston Hughes:
   • Talk about Hughes’s background and his role in the Harlem Renaissance.
   • Discuss his contributions to poetry and literature.
   • Highlight key themes in his works, such as racial identity and social justice.
4. Conclusion:
   • Summarize the enduring legacy of both authors.
   • Discuss their impact on subsequent generations of writers and their influence on modern literature.

References:

• Britannica on D.H. Lawrence
• The Collector on D.H. Lawrence’s Novels

B. Reading the Poems

 

Dreams

— D. H. Lawrence

All people dream, but not equally.
Those who dream by night in the dusty recesses of their mind,
Wake in the morning to find that it was vanity.
But the dreamers of the day are dangerous people,
For they dream their dreams with open eyes,
And make them come true.

Dreams

— Langston Hughes

Hold fast to dreams
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.

Hold fast to dreams
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.

 

Lesson 2: Nelson Mandela 

C. Vocabulary

 

What are the meanings of the following words and phrases?

a. recesses of the mind
b. dusty
c. make something come true
d. vanity
e. a broken-winged bird
f. barren field
g. frozen

Answer:

Meanings of Words and Phrases

 

a. Recesses of the Mind

• Meaning: The hidden or innermost parts of the mind where deep thoughts, memories, and subconscious ideas reside.
• Context: This phrase is often used to describe areas of the mind that are not immediately accessible or visible, representing the more private or secret parts of one’s thoughts.

b. Dusty

• Meaning: Covered with or resembling dust; implying something old, unused, or neglected.
• Context: When used metaphorically, “dusty” can describe thoughts, ideas, or memories that have not been actively considered or revisited for a long time.

c. Make Something Come True

• Meaning: To realize a dream or ambition; to achieve or fulfill something that was previously only imagined or hoped for.
• Context: This phrase is used to describe the process of turning aspirations into reality through effort, determination, or action.

d. Vanity

• Meaning: Excessive pride in or admiration of one’s own appearance or achievements; the quality of being worthless or futile.
• Context: In a literary sense, “vanity” often refers to the fleeting nature of human desires and achievements, suggesting that they lack real value or permanence.

e. A Broken-Winged Bird

• Meaning: A metaphor for something that is impaired, weakened, or unable to function properly due to a critical flaw or injury.
• Context: This phrase is used to illustrate the idea of lost potential or the inability to thrive, often due to lost dreams or opportunities.

f. Barren Field

• Meaning: An empty or unproductive area of land; metaphorically, it refers to a situation or state of being that is unfruitful or lacking in potential.
• Context: This phrase is often used to depict a lack of growth, creativity, or productivity, emphasizing desolation or infertility.

g. Frozen

• Meaning: Turned into ice or made very cold; metaphorically, it implies being unable to move, act, or progress.
• Context: In a figurative sense, “frozen” can describe emotions, situations, or conditions that are stuck, immobile, or unchanging, often suggesting a state of paralysis or stagnation.

Sources:

• Cambridge Dictionary
• Merriam-Webster
• Oxford English Dictionary

D. Parts of Speech

 

 

What parts of speech are the following words?

a. fast
b. winged
c. snow
d. equally
e. vanity
f. true

Answer: 

Parts of Speech

a. Fast

• Adjective: Describes something that is quick or rapid (e.g., “a fast car”).
• Adverb: Describes the manner of an action, indicating speed (e.g., “He runs fast”).
• Noun: Refers to a period of not eating (e.g., “a religious fast”).
• Verb: The act of abstaining from all or some kinds of food or drink (e.g., “They fast during Ramadan”).

b. Winged

• Adjective: Describes something that has wings (e.g., “a winged insect”).

c. Snow

• Noun: Precipitation in the form of ice crystals (e.g., “The snow is falling”).
• Verb: The act of snow falling (e.g., “It is snowing”).

d. Equally

• Adverb: Describes the manner in which something is done to the same extent or degree (e.g., “They shared the cake equally”).

e. Vanity

• Noun: Excessive pride in or admiration of one’s own appearance or achievements (e.g., “Her vanity was apparent in her constant checking of the mirror”).

f. True

• Adjective: In accordance with fact or reality (e.g., “a true statement”).
• Adverb (archaic): Truly or truthfully (e.g., “He spoke true”).
• Verb (less common): To make something level, square, or accurate (e.g., “to true the wheels of a bicycle”).

Unit 1: Lesson 3 : Two Women 

E. Matching Exercise

 

 

Read the texts in the grid and match the lines of the poems in Column A with the texts in Column B to understand the poem. One is done for you.

Column A	Column B
1. All people dream but not equally	a. They wake up in the morning and find out that their dream was unreal and was just a vision.
2. Those who dream by night in the dusty recesses of their mind	b. They are aware of what they are dreaming which they want to materialize.
3. Wake in the morning to find that it was vanity	c. We all dream though our dreams are different.
4. But the dreamers of the day are dangerous people	d. They are like most of us, who dream at night while asleep.
5. For they dream with open eyes	e. They materialize their dream
6. And make them come true	f. Daydreamers cannot be trusted

Answer: 

Matching Exercise

Column A	Column B
1. All people dream but not equally	c. We all dream though our dreams are different.
2. Those who dream by night in the dusty recesses of their mind	a. They wake up in the morning and find out that their dream was unreal and was just a vision.
3. Wake in the morning to find that it was vanity	d. They are like most of us, who dream at night while asleep.
4. But the dreamers of the day are dangerous people	f. Daydreamers cannot be trusted
5. For they dream with open eyes	b. They are aware of what they are dreaming which they want to materialize.
6. And make them come true	e. They materialize their dream

F. Comprehension Questions

 

Answer the following questions: a. What type of dreams is Lawrence referring to in his poem?
b. Why does he consider them dangerous?
c. What is the meaning of ‘dreaming with open eyes’?
d. What is Hughes telling his readers to do?
e. Why does he want his readers to hold fast to their dreams?
f. Why, according to Hughes, are dreams so important in our lives?
g. What type of dreams do the two poets highlight?

Unit 2: Lesson 1 What is a dream?

Answer:

a. What type of dreams is Lawrence referring to in his poem? Lawrence is referring to two types of dreams: those that occur at night in the “dusty recesses of the mind” and those that occur during the day. Night dreams are seen as vain and fleeting, while daydreams are powerful and have the potential to be realized.

b. Why does he consider them dangerous? Lawrence considers daydreamers dangerous because they dream with open eyes and actively work to make their dreams come true. Their dreams have the potential to cause real change in the world.

c. What is the meaning of ‘dreaming with open eyes’? ‘Dreaming with open eyes’ means having aspirations and goals while being fully aware and conscious. It implies being proactive and determined to turn those dreams into reality.

d. What is Hughes telling his readers to do? Hughes is telling his readers to hold fast to their dreams and not let them die. He emphasizes the importance of maintaining one’s dreams to ensure a fulfilling life.

e. Why does he want his readers to hold fast to their dreams? Hughes wants his readers to hold fast to their dreams because, without dreams, life becomes bleak and unfulfilling. Dreams provide hope, motivation, and direction in life.

f. Why, according to Hughes, are dreams so important in our lives? According to Hughes, dreams are crucial because they give life meaning and purpose. Without dreams, life is compared to a “broken-winged bird that cannot fly” or a “barren field frozen with snow,” both of which signify a lack of vitality and growth.

g. What type of dreams do the two poets highlight? Lawrence highlights the difference between idle night dreams and purposeful daydreams, emphasizing the latter’s potential to bring about real change. Hughes highlights the importance of maintaining dreams to prevent life from becoming meaningless and desolate. Both poets underscore the power and necessity of dreams in leading a fulfilling and impactful life.

G. Summary Writing

Write a summary of both the poems in 150 words each.

 

Summary of “Dreams” by D.H. Lawrence

In the poem “Dreams,” D.H. Lawrence contrasts two types of dreamers: those who dream at night and those who dream during the day. Night dreamers’ visions are relegated to the “dusty recesses” of their minds, fading away with the morning light as mere vanity. In stark contrast, day dreamers are deemed dangerous because they dare to dream with open eyes, fully awake and aware of their aspirations. These individuals possess the courage and determination to transform their dreams into reality, turning abstract thoughts into tangible deeds. Lawrence’s poem celebrates the power of proactive dreaming and emphasizes the transformative potential of those who actively pursue their dreams, making a significant impact on the world.

Summary of “Dreams” by Langston Hughes

Langston Hughes’ poem “Dreams” underscores the vital importance of holding onto dreams. Hughes uses powerful metaphors to illustrate the consequences of letting dreams die. He compares a life without dreams to a “broken-winged bird” that is incapable of flight, symbolizing a loss of freedom and potential. Additionally, he likens it to a “barren field frozen with snow,” representing sterility and desolation. Through these vivid images, Hughes conveys that dreams provide purpose, direction, and vitality to life. They are essential for achieving personal fulfillment and overcoming life’s challenges. The poem serves as a poignant reminder to cherish and strive for one’s dreams, as they are crucial to living a meaningful and vibrant life.

Write a Paragraph on Day Dreamers

 

Day dreamers are individuals who dare to envision a brighter and more fulfilling future while fully awake and aware of their surroundings. Unlike those who confine their aspirations to the fleeting moments of sleep, day dreamers actively engage their imagination during their waking hours. They see possibilities where others see obstacles and harness their creativity to devise plans for achieving their goals.

This proactive approach to dreaming allows them to channel their desires into concrete actions, often leading to significant accomplishments. Day dreamers possess a unique blend of optimism, determination, and innovation, making them catalysts for change and progress. Their dreams are not mere fantasies but blueprints for real-world success, driving them to overcome challenges and turn their visions into reality. In essence, day dreamers embody the spirit of ambition and resilience, continuously pushing the boundaries of what is possible.

Write a Informal letter on you future Dream

 

 

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
[City, State, ZIP Code]
[Date]

Subject: My Future Dream

Hey [Friend’s Name],

I hope you’re doing great! It’s been a bit since we last caught up, so I wanted to drop you a line and share something that’s been on my mind lately. I’ve been really into thinking about my future and what I want to achieve, and I thought you’d be interested to hear about it.

Since I was little, I’ve been super intrigued by [your dream profession/goal]. The whole idea of [briefly describe what excites you about your dream] just lights me up inside. Lately, I’ve been taking some real steps toward making this dream come true. I’ve been [mention any steps you’ve taken, like studying hard, researching, or even practicing].

In the next few years, I see myself [describe your dream in more detail—where you’ll be, what you’ll be doing, and how it’ll change your life and maybe even others’]. I know it won’t be easy, but thinking about [mention any specific goals or milestones you’re aiming for] really keeps me going.

I remember all those times we talked about our dreams for the future, and it always felt good to know someone who gets it and supports me. Your encouragement means the world, and I can’t wait to fill you in more as I go along this journey.

Let’s catch up soon and chat more about our dreams and what’s been sparking us lately. Can’t wait to hear what’s on your mind too. Until then, take care and keep on dreaming big!

Catch you soon,

[Your Name]

Write a composition on My Future Dream

 

My Future Dream

As I navigate through the currents of life, one thought remains steadfast in my mind — my future dream. It’s not merely a fleeting aspiration but a beacon that guides my every decision and fuels my determination. From the earliest moments of my childhood, I’ve harbored a passion for [describe your dream or profession]. The allure of [explain what excites you about your dream] has always held me spellbound, igniting a fire within that refuses to be extinguished.

To achieve this dream, I’ve begun laying the groundwork meticulously. Education, research, and hands-on experience have become my allies, shaping me into a competent and knowledgeable individual in my chosen field. Each day brings new challenges and opportunities, and I eagerly embrace them, knowing they are stepping stones toward realizing my ultimate goal.

In envisioning my future, I see myself [describe where you see yourself in the future, what you’ll be doing, and how it aligns with your dream]. This journey isn’t just about personal fulfillment; it’s about making a meaningful impact on the world around me. I aspire to [mention specific goals or contributions you aim to achieve], knowing that each milestone reached brings me closer to turning my dreams into reality.

Despite the uncertainties that life may present, I am unwavering in my commitment. The path to my future dream is paved with dedication, perseverance, and unwavering belief in myself. Alongside these qualities, the support and encouragement of loved ones and mentors provide invaluable strength, reminding me that no dream is too ambitious when pursued with passion and purpose.

In conclusion, my future dream isn’t just a destination but a journey of growth, discovery, and transformation. It embodies my deepest desires, aspirations, and the potential to create a positive impact on the world. With each passing day, I move forward with unwavering resolve, driven by the belief that through dedication and hard work, I will achieve my future dream and inspire others to pursue theirs with equal fervor.

 

Now write a dialogue between to friends about their future dream

 

 

At a Café: A Dialogue Between Two Friends

Alice: Hey Sara, it’s been a while since we caught up! How have you been?

Sara: Hi Alice! I’ve been good, thanks. How about you?

Alice: Can’t complain! But you know what’s been on my mind lately? Our future dreams. Remember how we used to talk about them all the time?

Sara: Oh yeah, those late-night discussions! I still think about them too. So, what’s your future dream now?

Alice: Well, I’ve always wanted to [describe your dream or profession], you know? The idea of [explain what excites you about your dream] just fuels my passion.

Sara: That sounds amazing! Have you been taking any steps towards it?

Alice: Definitely! I’ve been [mention any steps you’ve taken, like studying or gaining experience], and it’s been both challenging and rewarding. How about you, Sara? What’s your future dream these days?

Sara: I’ve been really drawn to [describe your dream or profession]. There’s something about [explain what excites you about your dream] that really resonates with me.

Alice: That’s fantastic! Any plans on how you’re going to make it happen?

Sara: I’ve been researching a lot and trying to [mention any steps you’ve taken, like networking or learning new skills]. It’s a journey, for sure, but I’m determined to see it through.

Alice: I’m so glad to hear that. It’s inspiring to see us both chasing after our dreams. Imagine where we’ll be in a few years!

Sara: I know, right? It’s exciting and a bit nerve-wracking, but I think as long as we keep pushing forward and supporting each other, we’ll get there.

Alice: Absolutely. Here’s to dreaming big and making it happen, Sara!

Sara: Cheers to that, Alice!